In the case of a president's removal from office, death, or resignation, which of the following shall become President of the United States?

The Vice President becomes President of the United States in the event of a president's removal from office, death, or resignation. This procedure is established in the U.S. Constitution, specifically in the 25th Amendment and Article II, Section 1. The importance of the Vice President's role in presidential succession is to ensure continuity of leadership and stability within the government.

This constitutional provision reflects a foundational stability within the executive branch, allowing for a seamless transition of power without causing a power vacuum. The Vice President is already in a high-ranking position within the administration, which prepares them to take on the responsibilities of the presidency.

The other roles listed, such as the Secretary of State, Chief Justice, or Senate majority leader, do not have the same constitutional authority or direct succession criteria set forth by the Constitution. Each of these positions serves significant functions within the government, but they are not designated successors to the presidency, emphasizing the unique constitutional role of the Vice President in this line of succession.